What tests diagnose bone problems?

Answer

Orthopaedic doctors use a combination of physical examination, imaging scans, and laboratory tests to diagnose bone problems accurately. The choice of test depends on symptoms such as pain, swelling, injury, or movement difficulty.

Common Tests to Diagnose Bone Problems

1. X-Ray
The most common test used to detect fractures, dislocations, arthritis, bone deformities, and joint space changes.

2. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
Provides detailed images of bones, ligaments, cartilage, and soft tissues. It helps diagnose ACL tears, meniscus injuries, tumors, and early bone damage.

3. CT Scan
Offers cross-sectional bone images and is useful for complex fractures, spine injuries, and surgical planning.

4. Bone Density Test (DEXA Scan)
Measures bone strength and is used to diagnose osteoporosis or bone thinning.

5. Blood Tests
Identify infections, inflammation, arthritis markers, calcium deficiency, or vitamin D deficiency.

6. Bone Scan
Detects bone infections, tumors, stress fractures, or hidden bone damage not visible on X-ray.

7. Ultrasound
Sometimes used to evaluate soft tissue around bones and joints.

Key Takeaway

X-rays are usually the first step, while MRI, CT, or specialized scans are advised for detailed evaluation or when symptoms persist despite normal X-ray findings.