What is joint degeneration?

Answer

Joint degeneration refers to the gradual breakdown of joint structures, especially the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of bones. As this cartilage wears down, bones begin to rub against each other, leading to pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced joint mobility. It commonly develops over time and is most often associated with osteoarthritis and ageing.

1. Causes
Joint degeneration occurs due to age-related wear and tear, previous joint injuries, obesity, repetitive stress, genetic factors, and long-standing joint misalignment.

2. Commonly Affected Joints
Weight-bearing joints such as the knees and hips are most frequently affected, though degeneration can also occur in the spine, shoulders, and hands.

3. Symptoms
People may experience chronic joint pain, stiffness after rest, grinding sensation, swelling, reduced flexibility, and difficulty performing daily activities.

4. Treatment
Management includes medications, physiotherapy, weight control, joint injections, and lifestyle changes. In advanced degeneration, surgical options like joint replacement may be required to restore mobility and relieve pain.